In the early 1920s, when quantum mechanics was born, many scientists supported it but as usual, many scientists opposed it one of them was Erwin Schrödinger. He contradicted the quantum mechanics theory and its laws because they sounded somewhat weird to him. Before getting into the experiment let’s get into the science behind science -
According to quantum mechanics, if we are not observing any object (here particle). Then it will express itself in every possibility until we observe it. As an example, you are out of your home from where you can't observe your home from any instance. Then your home could be in every possible state of nature and when you observe it all other possibilities will collapse and only one nature will be left which you saw while leaving your home. Till now scientists had proved it on photon particle only.
Schrödinger wanted to show this statement wrong, Hence, he proposed his thought experiment to prove quantum mechanics was nothing. As you heard this experiment was a thought experiment Schrödinger or anyone else hadn't performed this experiment anywhere. So, let us move into the experiment.
In this experiment, In one big room which is not observed by anyone. Materials required are One radioactive substance was taken which 50% probability of decaying and 50% that it won't decay, one radioactive sensor (Geiger Counter) was taken which is attached with a hammer, some hydrogen cyanide(HCN), and one cat.
Now, in the experiment, the radioactive substance has a 50% chance to decay and 50% that it will not decay. If it decays then the Geiger counter will detect it and the hammer will rush down on the flask of HCN, as the flask breaks the HCN starts evaporating then inhaled by the cat and the cat is dead. But if the radioactive substance does not decay then the cat will survive.
When we open the door of the room all other possibilities will collapse either the cat will be alive or it will be dead and we will see the result which will not collapse. But these all things are not being observed directly or indirectly so, the cat will be in both states live also and dead too. According to our common sense, how can anything be dead and alive both at the same time?
But, Quantum mechanics do not work according to us or our common sense. At the fundamental level, the cat is alive and dead both, the radioactive material is decayed and not decayed, the flask is broken or not. This all sounds weird but it is correct. Quantum mechanics is not a lie it is the truth that we can't see.
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HAIL MOTHERLAND
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